ROADMAP · RESIDENTIAL

Buy, renovate and resell

Work backwards from a conservative sale: demand and full cost, maximum entry price, review, renovation and exit.

Who it fits

For investors who accept project risk, keep contingency and create value through selection, design and controlled renovation.

When to reject it

Reject the route if it only works at a record sale price, without contingency or with unconfirmed permissions.

Value-creation logic

Value comes from the right purchase price and a product supported by end-buyer demand, not renovation alone.

Starting inputs

  • Capital for purchase, works, holding and contingency
  • Target buyer and location
  • Holding period and acceptable downside
  • Investor involvement in key decisions

Documents at the decision gates

StageVerifiable documentGate
Before committing to purchaseTitle, charges, inspection, restrictions and draft agreementCritical risks resolved or exit conditions agreed
Before approving costsQuantities, quotes, VAT, contingency and payment datesAll K funded and resilient to a lower exit
Before worksConfirmed permission process and agreed scopeConditions match the design and timetable
Before paying for a changeWritten price, timing and contingency impactApproval before ordering
Before saleCompletion papers, buyer offer and settlement modelPrice, costs and distribution agreed

Budget control, permissions, sensitivity and Compte de Urgel address different parts of the review.

A shared nine-stage process

  1. Objective and capital framework

    Decision
    Decision: define sale objective, available capital and contingency.
    Evidence
    Evidence: documented inputs and review conclusions for sale objective, available capital and contingency.
    Risk
    Key risk: committing before the assumptions for sale objective, available capital and contingency are tested.
    Control gate
    GO/STOP: proceed only when the inputs and owner for sale objective, available capital and contingency are confirmed.
  2. Investment thesis

    Decision
    Decision: define buying below an evidenced exit with a controlled renovation.
    Evidence
    Evidence: documented inputs and review conclusions for buying below an evidenced exit with a controlled renovation.
    Risk
    Key risk: committing before the assumptions for buying below an evidenced exit with a controlled renovation are tested.
    Control gate
    GO/STOP: proceed only when the inputs and owner for buying below an evidenced exit with a controlled renovation are confirmed.
  3. Search and first filter

    Decision
    Decision: define area, end buyer and liquid apartment type.
    Evidence
    Evidence: documented inputs and review conclusions for area, end buyer and liquid apartment type.
    Risk
    Key risk: committing before the assumptions for area, end buyer and liquid apartment type are tested.
    Control gate
    GO/STOP: proceed only when the inputs and owner for area, end buyer and liquid apartment type are confirmed.
  4. Preliminary economics

    Decision
    Decision: define maximum purchase price worked back from a conservative exit.
    Evidence
    Evidence: documented inputs and review conclusions for maximum purchase price worked back from a conservative exit.
    Risk
    Key risk: committing before the assumptions for maximum purchase price worked back from a conservative exit are tested.
    Control gate
    GO/STOP: proceed only when the inputs and owner for maximum purchase price worked back from a conservative exit are confirmed.
  5. Legal and technical review

    Decision
    Decision: define title, condition, works scope and permit route.
    Evidence
    Evidence: documented inputs and review conclusions for title, condition, works scope and permit route.
    Risk
    Key risk: committing before the assumptions for title, condition, works scope and permit route are tested.
    Control gate
    GO/STOP: proceed only when the inputs and owner for title, condition, works scope and permit route are confirmed.
  6. Structure and acquisition

    Decision
    Decision: define arras terms, ownership, finance and closing conditions.
    Evidence
    Evidence: documented inputs and review conclusions for arras terms, ownership, finance and closing conditions.
    Risk
    Key risk: committing before the assumptions for arras terms, ownership, finance and closing conditions are tested.
    Control gate
    GO/STOP: proceed only when the inputs and owner for arras terms, ownership, finance and closing conditions are confirmed.
  7. Strategy delivery

    Decision
    Decision: define design, budget, contractor, procurement and quality control.
    Evidence
    Evidence: documented inputs and review conclusions for design, budget, contractor, procurement and quality control.
    Risk
    Key risk: committing before the assumptions for design, budget, contractor, procurement and quality control are tested.
    Control gate
    GO/STOP: proceed only when the inputs and owner for design, budget, contractor, procurement and quality control are confirmed.
  8. Control and reporting

    Decision
    Decision: define budget actuals, programme and change approval.
    Evidence
    Evidence: documented inputs and review conclusions for budget actuals, programme and change approval.
    Risk
    Key risk: committing before the assumptions for budget actuals, programme and change approval are tested.
    Control gate
    GO/STOP: proceed only when the inputs and owner for budget actuals, programme and change approval are confirmed.
  9. Stabilisation and exit

    Decision
    Decision: define property preparation, marketing, negotiation and sale completion.
    Evidence
    Evidence: documented inputs and review conclusions for property preparation, marketing, negotiation and sale completion.
    Risk
    Key risk: committing before the assumptions for property preparation, marketing, negotiation and sale completion are tested.
    Control gate
    GO/STOP: proceed only when the inputs and owner for property preparation, marketing, negotiation and sale completion are confirmed.

Review scenarios

Base case

The property passes review, works remain within scope and the exit is supported by comparables.

Downside case

Extra works, a slower sale and a lower price are tested together to assess capital resilience.

Frequently asked questions

Where does the calculation start?

With a conservative exit and every cost. Purchase price is an output, not the seller’s starting point.

Can a sale date be promised?

No. Base and slower-sale cases are tested without guaranteeing either.

What is a STOP gate?

An unsupported exit, critical defect, unworkable permission route or missing contingency.

← Back to all roadmaps

House flipping in Spain: how a buy, renovate and sell project works

House flipping in Spain means buying a property below what it can fetch once renovated, doing the works and selling it. The margin is set at purchase: the maximum price is worked back from a conservative sale price minus transfer tax, renovation costs, holding costs and selling costs. DNPI runs such projects in Barcelona and the surrounding area from €1,000,000.

What is house flipping and how it works in practice

Compte de Urgel is a completed example. DNPI bought an apartment for €410,000, renovated it for €76,230 and sold it for €720,000. The published figures do not specify the duration, taxes or transaction costs, so they are not net profit or investor return. Details are on the Compte de Urgel project page. The value came from the purchase price and a finished product that buyers wanted, not from the renovation alone. A flipping project that relies on the market rising during the works is not a plan.

The costs a flipping project has to carry

  • Property transfer tax. A resale home in Catalonia carries ITP of 10% up to €600,000, 11% up to €900,000, 12% up to €1.5m and 13% on the excess. A buyer classed as a large holder pays 20%, and in Barcelona that status applies from five homes, which matters for anyone flipping houses repeatedly.
  • Tax base. Since 2022 the Cadastre reference value is the minimum base for ITP: if the price in the deed is lower, the tax is charged on the reference value.
  • Renovation costs. Works carry 21% VAT; the 10% rate applies only when all the conditions for qualifying residential works are met. Barcelona charges ICIO at 4% of the works budget, plus the licence fee.
  • Sale. The seller pays the municipal plusvalía and tax on the gain.

Guides written for Madrid or other regions use different transfer tax rates, so their numbers do not carry over to Catalonia.

Permits and the value of the property after works

In Barcelona the type of work sets the permit, not its cost: an assabentat for minor interior work, a comunicat for more substantial work and a llicència d'obres majors for work affecting the structure, façade, number of homes or use. The sale price is tested against closed sales of renovated homes nearby, not against listings, and the market value after works is the figure the whole calculation hangs on. A project that only works at a record price is rejected.

How investors invest in house flipping with DNPI

The investor buys in their own name and pays the seller, the contractor and the notary directly. Every change to the budget is priced in writing and approved before it is ordered. DNPI finds the property, runs the numbers, manages the works and the sale; its fee for the work is half of the project profit. The renovation and resale strategy describes the full route.

Frequently asked questions

What is property flipping and how does a project work?

Property flipping is buying a home, renovating it and selling it for more than the purchase, taxes and works combined. A project runs from a sale target and budget through search, preliminary economics, legal and technical review, purchase, works with budget control, and the sale itself.

How do I find and assess properties for flipping in Spain?

Start from the end buyer and the area, then look for a liquid type of apartment where a verifiable improvement is possible. Check title, charges, condition, the permit route and closed sales of renovated comparables. Some properties never reach the portals and come through off-market contacts.

How do I calculate a flip’s costs, profit and return?

Add the purchase price, transfer tax, notary and registry, renovation with VAT, ICIO and licence fees, holding costs, financing and selling costs. Profit is the sale price minus all of them; return is profit divided by the capital tied up for the whole project. The DNPI calculator shows both.

What taxes apply to property flipping in Spain?

In Catalonia: ITP of 10% to 13% by band on purchase, 20% for a large holder; VAT on the works at 21% or, if all conditions are met, 10%; ICIO in Barcelona at 4% of the works budget; and on sale the municipal plusvalía and tax on the gain. Other regions set their own transfer tax.

Can I flip property in Spain as a non-resident?

Yes. You need an NIE and can be represented by power of attorney at signing. On the sale the buyer withholds 3% of the price on Modelo 211 as an advance on your tax; the gain is taxed at 19% for non-residents, and any excess withholding is reclaimed through Modelo 210.

Is flipping better than renting out a property?

They are different investments. A flip earns from the difference between total cost and sale price over one project; renting earns from net rent over years. In Barcelona, a stressed residential market zone since March 2024, rent increases are capped, which belongs in any comparison.

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